Tubular exchangers are in general designed in accordance with various standards
and codes, such as the standards of the Tubular Exchanger Manufacturers Association
(TEMA) and the American Society of Mechanical Engineers, ASME – API Unfired Pressure
Vessel Code. Standards devised and accepted by TEMA are available covering in detail the
materials, methods of construction, technique of design, and dimensions for exchangers. In
designing an exchanger many decisions must be made to specify the materials of
construction, tube diameter, tube length, baffle spacing, number of passes, and so forth.
